Debunking Myoma Myths: Common Misconceptions and Facts About Uterine Fibroids

Uterine fibroids, also called myomas, present a prevalent health issue among women, particularly those in their reproductive years. Statistics indicate that by the age of 50, a significant majority of women will have encountered at least one muscular growth within the uterine lining. Despite how common they are, there are still many misconceptions about uterine fibroids, ranging from their potential impact on fertility to their cancerous potential.

In this article, we separate “fibroid fact” from “fibroid myth” to help you better understand how to prevent or manage the condition.

Myth #1: Uterine fibroids are cancerous.

Most uterine fibroids are non-cancerous or benign growths and are not associated with an increased risk of uterine cancer. Statistically, only one in 1000 cases involves a fibroid that is malignant. These fibroid growths can range from the size of a seed to as large as a grapefruit. Although not a life-threatening condition, fibroids can cause distressing symptoms that may affect well-being.

Myth #2: Uterine fibroids cause no noticeable symptoms.

Some women experience fibroids that are as small as seedlings and have no noticeable symptoms. These growths are often detected by chance during routine medical checks, such as a pelvic exam or ultrasound. However, when uterine fibroids symptoms manifest, they can range from severe menstrual bleeding and pelvic pain to increased urgency to urinate and discomfort during intercourse. If you notice atypical symptoms, it is crucial to consult with a healthcare professional for a precise diagnosis.

Myth #3: A hysterectomy is the only effective treatment for uterine fibroids.

Surgery, such as a hysterectomy, is an effective treatment for patients with persistent and severe uterine fibroid. However, it is not the only treatment available. Depending on the size, number, and location of the tumors, a doctor may recommend monitoring fibroids without intervention for women with asymptomatic fibroids or mild symptoms. Additionally, they may provide new treatments for uterine fibroids without surgery. These treatments may include medications or minimally invasive procedures, such as uterine artery embolization (UAE) and ultrasound-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), to help alleviate symptoms and shrink or remove fibroid growths.

Myth #4: Uterine fibroids only affect women in their 30s and 40s.

It is common for women to develop uterine fibroids during their childbearing years, between the ages of 20 and 50. However, some women with fibroids remain unaware of their condition since they are asymptomatic. Genetics, hormonal fluctuations, and exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals may contribute to the development of abnormal growth. In most cases, the risk of developing fibroids tends to decrease after menopause due to a decline in estrogen levels.

Myth #5: Uterine fibroids grow continuously if left untreated.

Not every untreated uterine fibroid will increase in size. These tumors can vary from small growths undetectable by the human eye to large masses that may deform the uterus and cause abdominal swelling. In many cases, fibroids are caused by hormonal fluctuations, particularly changes in estrogen and progesterone levels. This is often noticeable during pregnancy or perimenopause.

Myth #6: Fibroids disappear after menopause.

While uterine fibroids often shrink after menopause due to the decrease in estrogen levels, they do not necessarily disappear completely. Some postmenopausal women continue to experience fibroid-related symptoms, particularly if they are on hormone replacement therapy.

Myth #7: All uterine fibroids require surgical removal.

Not all fibroids need to be removed. In many cases, especially when fibroids are small and asymptomatic, watchful waiting may be the recommended approach. Treatment is usually considered when fibroids cause significant symptoms, such as heavy bleeding, severe pain, or fertility problems.

Myth #8: Once removed, fibroids cannot recur.

Unfortunately, the removal of fibroids does not guarantee that new fibroids won't develop in the future. Women who have had fibroids are at a higher risk of developing new fibroids. This is why regular check-ups are crucial for women with a history of uterine fibroids, even after successful treatment.

Final Thoughts

Uterine fibroids are a prevalent health concern among women, and as with any medical condition, it's essential to separate truth from misconceptions. Understanding the reality helps patients make informed choices about their healthcare and treatment. If you suspect or are diagnosed with fibroids, consult a healthcare provider to discuss symptoms, risks, and tailored treatment options.